Aoozu Billahi as-Samee al-Aleemi minash Shaitanir Rajeem
Bismillah,..., Alhamdulillahi wahdah was salaatu was salaamu ala man la nabiya ba’adah
Rabbish sharah li sadri wa yassirli amri wahlul uqdatam min lisaani yafqahu qauli
As Salaamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu
Pichle dars me hum Surah al-Baqarah ki 23wi ayat ki tafseer me lafz-e-Surah par Quran aur Ahadith ki roshni me tafseel sunn rahay thay. Aaj ke dars me hum Quran me Suraton ke arrangement kis tarah hai, iss ki tafseel jaanenge.
Tarjuma wa Tafseer
Vs. No. 23
وَاِنۡ کُنۡتُمۡ فِىۡ رَيۡبٍ مِّمَّا نَزَّلۡنَا عَلٰى عَبۡدِنَا فَاۡتُوۡا بِسُوۡرَةٍ مِّنۡ مِّثۡلِهٖ وَادۡعُوۡا شُهَدَآءَكُمۡ مِّنۡ دُوۡنِ اللّٰهِ اِنۡ كُنۡتُمۡ صٰدِقِيۡنَ
Aur agar tum shak me ho, iss Kalam ke baare me jo Hum ne apne bande (Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم)) par utaara (ke ye Hamara nazil karda kalam hai ya nahi) to iss jaisi ek Surat bana lao, aur Allah ke siway apne madadgaaron ko bula lo, agar tum sachay ho.
105. SURAH (Chapter of the Quran) سُوْرَةٍ ( س و ر ) 2:23 - Part 2
Lafz-e-Surah ke doosre hissay me, hum baat karenge, Suraton ki maujooda tarteeb par, unn me kis tarah ka rabt hai, kis tarah ki symmetry ya tawazun hai aur kis tarah se suraton ka structure hai.
- Sab se pehle, hum sab ko pata hai ke, Quran me 114 Suratein hain, Surah al-Fatiha se le kar, Surah an-Nas tak.
- Sahaba ke zamane me, agar Suraton ke koi groups thay to wo, Quran ko parrhne ke groups thay, jisay hum Manzil kehte hain, ya Arabi me Hizb kaha jata hai,…, agar koi Quran ki tilawat ko 7 din me taqseem karna chahta hai, to wo
- Pehli Manzil me, Surah al-Fatiha (1) se Nisa(4) tak, 5 Suratein.
- Doosri Manzil me, Surah Maidha (5) se Tauba (9) tak, 5 Suratein.
- Teesri Manzil me, Surah Yunus (10) se an-Nahl (16) tak, 7 Suratein.
- Chohti Manzil me, Surah Isra (Bani Israil) (17) se al-Furqan (25) tak, 9 Suratein.
- Paanchwi Manzil me, Surah ash-Shu’ara (26) se YaaSeen (36) tak, 11 Suratein.
- Chhetti Manzil me, Surah as-Saffaat (37) se Hujuraat (49) tak, 13 Suratein.
- Saatwi Manzil me, Surah Qaaf (50) se Surah Naas (114) tak, 65 Suratein.[1]
- Ye sirf Qira’at ke liye group hai, maano se kuch lena dena nahi hai.
- Iss grouping me, kum az kum Suraton ka lehaaz kiya gaya hai.
- Aur hamare paas Juz ki, yani Paron ki taqseem bhi hai, jo Suraton ka lehaaz nahi karti, magar hume nahi maloom ke ye taqseem kis ne ki. Halanke iss ke liye hadith maujood hai, Abdullah ibn Amr (رضي الله عنه) ke poochhne par, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Quran ko ek maheene me parrh liya karo,
- Abdullah ibn Amr (رضي الله عنه) ne kaha ke, mere paas taqat hai ke main iss se zyada parrh sakta hoon.
- To Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, bees raaton me mukammal kar lo.
- Unhone kaha ke, mujh me iss se zyada karne ki taqat hai,
- Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, 7 raaton me poora Quran Mukammal kar lo, lekin iss se zyada na karna.[2]
- To Paraon aur Manzilon ke liye daleel zaroor maujood hai, lekin Paray Suraton ka lehaaz nahi karte, aur Manzilein Suraton ki taqseem hai.
- Jo log Quran ko maano se samajh kar parrhte hain, unhe pata hai ke, Quran me subjects koi story ki tarah jame huwe nahi hain.
- Hamare India-Pakistan me jo Ruku ki tarteeb hai, wo subjects par based hai. Uss me bhi kabhi aisa lagta hai ke, ek subject ke chalte chalte beech me kuch ahkamat aa jaate hain.
- To zahiri taur par aisa lagta hai ke, Quran me koi subject-wise sequence ya tarteeb nahi hai.
- Iss par 18wi sadi aur 19wi sadi me, maghrabi ya western ulama ne kaafi tanz kiya, Quran ko criticize kiya.[3]
- Asal me, Quran par criticism koi nayee cheez nahi thi, Baaz Musalman ulama bhi, Quran ko behtar samajhne ke liye, sawal kiya karte thay takay ayaat ka matlab aur uss ke subjects ko achi tarah se samjha jaye, unn ka maqsad samjha jaye.
- Abu Bakr al-Nishapuri 10wi sadi eeswi me, sawal karte ke,
- ek surat ko, doosre surah ke baad rakhne me kya hikmat hai?
- Iss ayat ko, uss ayat ke baad kyun rakha gaya hai?
- Inn sawalaat ka jawab uss waqt ke ulama nahi de pa rahe thay, aur ulama me difference of opinion ya ikhtelaaf-e-raaye paida ho gayee.[4]
- Iss ki wajah se, baaz ulama ko ye zaroorat pesh ayee ke, Quran ki tarteeb par ghaur-o-fikr kare aur unhone bataya ke,
- Quran ki ek ayat kis tarah se baad wali doosri ayat se connected hai, judi huwi hai.
- Surah ki aakhri ayat kis tarah se ussi Surah ki pehli ayat ke mutabiq hai.
- Aur ek Surah ki pehli ayat kis tarah se, uss se pehle Surah ki aakhri ayat se connected hai ya judi huwi hai.
- Iss tareeqe se, unhone bataya ke kis tarah sara ka sara Quran ek ladi ki tarah, ek doosre se juda huwa hai.
- Iss ko samjhate huwe, badi lambi tafaseer likhi gayee, jaise ke,
- Fakhruddin al-Razi (d. 606H/1209CE) ki,…, Tafseer al-Razi, jo 32 volumes me hai.[5]
- Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Ansari al-Qurtubi (d. 671H/1273CE) ki,…, Tafseer al-Qurtubi, jo 10 volumes me hai.[6]
- Nizam al-Din al-Nishapuri (d. 728H/1327CE) ki,…, Tafseer al-Nishapuri 3 volumes me hai.[7]
- Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati (d.745H/1344CE) ki,…, Tafseer al-Bahr al-Muheet 22 volumes me hai.[8]
- Ibrahim ibn Umar al-Biqai (d. 885H/1480CE) ki Nazm al-Durar ya (Tafseer al-Biqai) 8 volumes me hai.[9]
- Mahmood al-Alusi (d. 1270H/1854CE) ki Ruh al-Ma’ani Tafseer Imam al-Alusi 15 volumes me hai.
- Rahima humu Allahu, Allah Ta’ala inn sab ko apni rehmat me lapaytt le.
- Inn tamam tafaseer ki summary Abu Bakr Ibn al-Arabi (رَحِمَهُ ٱللَّٰهُ) (d. 543H/1148CE) ki zubani ye hai ke, Quran-e-Majeed ki ayaat ko iss tarah joda gaya hai ke, wo ek lafz ki tarah hain, hum ahangi ke sath ya harmoniously juday huwe hain aur ek structure me yaksaan hain, even hain.[10]
- Ye research 20wi sadi eeswi me aur aagay badi, baaz ulama ne Quran ke, Mutaleya ke zariye, Mufassireen ne Suraton ko majmooi taur par, yani jaisa ke Surah ka,…, ek subject hai, ya ek theme ki nazar se dekhne lagay, jis me;
- India ke Abdul Hameed al-Farahi Sahab (d. 1930CE) hain, inn ki kitab Nizam al-Quran issi topic par hai,
- Pakistan ke, Amin Ahsan Islahi Sahab (d. 1997CE) hain, inn ki tafseer Tadabbur-e-Quran hai, Dr. Israr Ahmed Sahab apni tafseer me inn ke kaam ka zikr kiya karte thay.
- Iran ke, Muhammad al-Tabatabai (d. 1981CE) hain, aur
- Egypt ke, Sayyid Qutub (d. 1966CE) hain, inn ki tafseer Fi Zilaalil Quran bohot mash’hoor huwi, iss ke English aur Urdu Translations bhi huwe.[11]
- Rahima Humu Allah.
- Raymond Farrin jo Associate Professor hain American University of Kuwait me, wo apni kitab Structure and Quranic Interpretation me likhte hain ke, 1980 eeswi ke baad se iss topic par kayee ulama ne Structure of the Quran par research ki hai, unn me;
- Angelika Neuwirth (Noywirt) hain, ye Free University of Berlin, Germany me Professor hain Quranic Studies ki,[12] Inn ke kayee lectures Youtube par maujood hain.
- Pierre (Pear) Crapon de Caprona hain, 1981 me inn ki French me ek kitab chhapi, jisay baad me Arabic me bhi translate kiya gaya, jo Makki Suraton ke rhythmic patterns ya structure par hai.[13]
- Muntasir Mir Sahab hain, ye retired Professor hain Islamic Studies ke, US me Younstown State University ke, inhone Coherence in the Quran ke naam se ek kitab likhi hai, jo Amin Islahi Sahab ki Tadabbur-e-Quran me Quran ke Nizam par ek Mutaleya hai.[14] Kayee aur kitabein inhone likhi.
- Egypt ke Muhammad Abdel Haleem hain, jo Professor of Islamic Studies hain, School of Oriental and African Sturdies, London ke. Inn ki kayee kitabein hain Quran ke mauzoo’at aur andaaz par, aur inn ka apna Quran ka tarjuma bhi hai.[15]
- Mathias Zahniser ki Surah Maryam par Ring Structure ke mutalliq research darj hai, Structural Dividers in the Quran naami kitab me.[16]
- Neal Robinson ne bhi iss kaam me, yani Structural Dividers in the Quran me contribute kiya hai. Unn ki apni Kitab bhi hai, Discovering the Quran jo structural interpretation of Quran par mabni hai.
- Carl Ernst hain, jin ki kitab How to Read the Quran, bhi Qura ke style aur harmony ke baare me baat kar rahi hai.
- Phir Belgium ke Michel Cuypers hain, jinhone Quran ke Ring composition par bohot saare studies se madad ki hai.
- Inn tamam scholars ke hawale dete huwe, Dr. Raymond Farrin likhte hain ke, Quran me, Symmetry ya mazameen ka jo tawazun hai wo teen qism ka hai.
- Pehli qism hai, Parallelism yaani ke, jo subjects jis sequence me ek surat me aaye hain, to doosre surah me bhi wohi sequence me ayenge, jaise agar teen subjects ABC ki sequence me agar ek surat me aye hain, to doosri surat me bhi wohi ABC ki sequence me hi ayenge.
- Doosri qism hai, Chiasm (Kai’asm) ya Mirror image ki tarah, yaani ke agar mazameen ya subjects pehli surat me ABC ki sequence me aaye hain, to doosri surat me iss ki ultti yani CBA sequence me ayenge,
- Teesri qism hai, Concentrism ya mazameen ek dayere ya circle ki tarah hon aur unn me ek mazmoon uss dayere ke center me ho, jaisa ke kisi surah me ayaat ke mazameen ABC sequence me aaye, phir beech me ek mazmoon aya D, jo pehle teen mazameen se alag mazmoon hai, aur phir mirror sequence aayegi, CBA. To mazameen ki sequence ho gayee, ABC, phir D, phir CBA.
- Raymond Farrin likhte hain ke, Quran me aksar-o-beshtar jo symmetry ki qism aayee hai, wo teesri qism hai. Yani concentric circles ki tarah.
- Phir Amin Ahsan Islahi Sahab ko quote karte huwe likhte hain ke, Suraton ke joday hain, aksar Quran ki suratein, sath walay surah ka joda hai,[17] jaise, Surah al-Baqarah aur Surah aal-e-imran, inhe ahadith me, az-Zahrawain kaha gaya hai, do roshniyan.[18]
- Waise hi, aakhri do suraton ko bhi, al-Muawwidhatayn kaha gaya hai, wo panah maange walay surah, ya do protection dene walay surah.[19]
- Wo likhte hain ke, Amin Islahi sahab ye bhi kehte hain ke, suraton ke joday mil kar phir suraton ke groups bante hain. Jisay Michel Cuypers ne bhi haal hi me confirm kiya hai.
- Raymond Farrin phir kehte hain ke, Mary Doughlas nami Professor ne, Ring structure par kaam kiya hai aur ek kitab likhi hai, Thinking in Circles: An Essay on Ring Composition ke naam se. Aur wo kehti hain ke, Ring composition ki khasiyat ye hai ke, Surat ke pehle aur aakhri ayaat ke beech me koi subject-wise connection hota hai.
- Inn me koi na koi correspondence yani mutabiqat ya muwafiqat hoti hai, ya koi lafz ya koi fiqra ya phrase repeat hota hai, aur dono hisson ke darmiyan wazeh taloq hota hai, mauzu ke mutabiq.[20]
- Amin Islahi Sahab ke kaam ko Dr. Israr Ahmed Sahab ne bhi Ta’arruf-e-Quran ke doosre aur teesre hisse me, bayan karte huwe kaha ke,
- Jaise Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki ahadith me, az-Zahrawain aur al-Muawwidhatayn aya hai,
- Theek ussi tarah aur bhi joday hain, Quran me, Suraton ke, jaise Surah Muzammil aur Muddasir, dono me ek hi tarah ki utthaan hai, aur dono me Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se khitaab ke saath Suratein shuru ho rahi hain.
- Waise hi, Surah ad-Duha aur Surah al-Inshirah, inn dono ka bhi joda hai,
- Aur Surah at-Talaq aur Surah at-Tahreem, yahan inn do suraton me Miya biwi ke ta’aloqaat ka zikr hai, ek surat me bataya gaya ke, miya biwi ka rishta itna gehra ho jaata hai ke, ek doosre ke lehaaz me, hudood-e-khudawandi yani Allah ki banayi huwi jo limits hain, unn se aagay agar nikal jaye to bhi sahih nahi hai, Surah at-Tahreem nazil karke Allah (ربُّ الْعِزَّت) ne agah kiya ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apne ooper unn cheezon ko haram kyun kar rahe hain, jinhe Allah ne halal kiya hai.
- Phir doosri Surat, Surah at-Talaq me, Miya biwi ke ta’aloqat me itna friction ho jaye ke talaq ki naubat aa jaye. To ek Surat ek inteha ko bayan kar rahi hai, aur doosri surat doosri inteha ko bayan kar rahi hai, inn ka joda bann gaya.
- Surah as-Saff Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke maqsad-e-Risalat ko bayan kar rahi hai, aur Surah Jumuah aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke tareeqa-e-kaar ko bayan kar rahi hai.
- Iss tarah Quran-e-Majeed ki aksar-o-beshtar suratein jodon ki shakal me maujood hain.[21]
- Iss ki tafseel Dr. Raymond Farrin ne research karke 2014 me jo kitab publish ki, uss me wo tafseel dete hain, har Surat ke joday ki, uss tafseel me jaane ka mauqa nahi hai lekin unn jodon ko hum yahan bayan kar denge:
- Surah al-Baqarah (2) aur Surah aal-e-Imran (3) ke baare me to hum sunn chuke hain, ye pehla joda ya pair hai.
- Surah an-Nisa (4) aur Surah al-Maidah (5) doosra joda hai,
- Surah al-An’am (6) aur A’raaf (7) teesra joda hai,[22]
- Surah al-Anfal (8) aur at-Tauba (9) hai,
- Surah Younus (10) aur Hud (11) hai,
- Surah Yusuf (12) aur ar-Raad (13) hai,
- Surah Ibrahim (14) aur al-Hijr (15) hai,[23]
- Surah an-Nahl (16) aur Surah Bani Israil (17) hai,
- Surah al-Kahf (18) aur Surah Maryam (19) hai,
- Surah TaaHaa (20) aur Surah al-Anbiya (21) hai,[24]
- Surah al-Hajj (22) aur Mominoon (23) hai,
- beech me Surah an-Noor (24) ko chhorrh kar, phir Surah al-Furqan (25) aur ash-Shu’ara (26) hai,
- Surah an-Naml (27) aur al-Qasas (28) hai,
- Surah al-Ankaboot (29) aur Room (30) ka joda hai,[25]
- Surah Luqman (31) aur Surah Sajdah (32) hai,
- Phir yahan Surah al-Ahzaab (33) ko chhorrh kar, Surah Saba (34) aur Fatir (35) ka joda hai,
- Surah Noor (24) aur al-Ahzaab (33) ka ek joda hai, inn me faasla hai lekin mazameen milte jhulte hain.[26]
- Surah YaaSeen (36) aur Saffaat (37) ka hai,[27]
- Surah Saad (38) aur Surah Zumar (39) hai,
- Surah Ghafir (40) aur Fussilat (41) ka joda hai,
- Surah Ash-Shu’ara (42) ko chhorrh kar Surah Zukhruf (43) aur Dukhan (44) ka hai,
- Surah al-Jathiya (45) aur Ahqaaf (46) ka hai,[28]
- Surah Muhammad (47) aur Surah Fatah (48) ka hai,
- Surah al-Hujuraat (49) ko chhorrh kar Surah Qaaf (50) aur az-Zaariyaat (51) ka hai,
- Surah at-Toor (52) aur Najm (53) ka hai,
- Surah al-Qamar (54) aur Surah ar-Rahman (55) ka hai,[29]
- Phir beeh me do Suraton ko chhorh kar, Surah Waqiya (56) aur Surah al-Hadeed (57) ko chhorrh kar,
- Surah Mujadila (58) aur Surah al-Hashr (59) ka joda hai,
- Surah Mumtahana (60) ko chhorrh kar, Surah as-Saff (61) aur Jumuah (62) ka joda hai,
- Surah Munafiqoon (63) aur Taghabun (64) ka hai,
- Surah Talaq (65) aur Surah Tahreem (66) hai,
- Surah Mulk (67) aur Qalam (68) hai,[30]
- Surah al-Haqqah (69) aur Maarij (70) hain,
- Surah Nuh (71) aur Surah Jinn (72) hain,
- Surah Muzzammil (73) aur Muddaththir (74) hain,[31]
- Surah Qiyamah (75) aur Surah Insan (76) hain,
- Surah Mursalat (77) aur Naba (78) hain,
- Surah Nazi’at (79) aur Abasa (80) hain,
- Surah Takweer (81) aur Infitaar (82) hain,[32]
- Surah Mutaffifeen (83) aur Inshiqaaq (84) hain,
- Surah Burooj (85) aur Tariq (86) hain,
- Surah A’la (87) aur Ghashiyah (88) hain,
- Surah Fajr (89) aur Balad (90) hain,[33]
- Surah Shams (91) aur Layl (92) hain,
- Surah Duhaa (93) aur Alam Nashrah (94) hain,
- Surah Teen (95) aur Alaq (96) hain,
- Surah Qadr (97) aur Bayyinah (98) hain,[34]
- Surah Zalzalah (99) aur Aadiyaat (100) hain,
- Surah al-Qariyah (101) aur Takathur (102) hain,
- Surah al-Asr (103) aur Humazah (104) hain,
- Surah al-Feel (105) aur Surah Quraysh (106) hain,[35]
- Surah Maun (107) aur Kauther (108) hain,
- Surah Kafiroon (109) aur Nasar (110) hain,
- Surah Masad (111) aur Ikhlaas (112) hain,
- Surah al-Falaq (113) aur Naas (114) hain.[36]
- Phir Pehli Surat, Surah al-Fatiha (1) aur Surah an-Naas (114) me bhi rabt hai, inn dono Suraton ki pehli teen ayaat me Allah (ربُّ الْعِزَّت) ke Naam aaye hain, aur dono Suraton ki aakhri teen ayaat me dua hai.
- To kul mila kar, 54 ya 55 joday bantay hain.
- Phir Dr. Israr Ahmed Sahab ne Quran ke Suraton ke mutaliq bataya ke, haal hi me ek aur haqeeqat saamne aayi hai ke, Suraton ke groups hain,
- Baaz jagah teen-teen suraton ke groups hain, jin me se do suraton ka joda bana huwa hai aur teesra unn ka sathi ya supporting surah hoga.
- Lekin iss teesre surah ka doosra joda kisi aur group me hoga. Yahan Sub-groups ki baat ho rahi hai.
- Ek aur baat Dr. Israr Ahmed sahab ne batayi ke, Quran me baaz suraton ke groups aise hain, jin me ek Makki aur ek Madani, ek Makki aur ek Madani, ek Makki aur ek Madani suratein hain. Iss me kya khaas baat hai?
- Aur iss tareeqe se Quran ki suraton ke saat groups bante hain, jis ke har ek group me ek ya ek se zayed Makki surat aur ek ya ek se zayed Madani Surat, ye ek group ho gaya.
- Doosre group me bhi ek ya ek se zayed Makki surat aur ek ya ek se zayed Madani Surat, aisa kar ke 7 groups bante hain.
- Ye groups Qira’at ke liye nahi hai, balke inn groups me maanwi taqseem hai, ghaur-o-fikr ke aitebaar se taqseem huwi hai Quran ki.
- Jaisa har ek surat ka central mazmoon hai, waise hi groups me bhi ek Makki aur ek Madani Surat mil kar ek baday mazmoon ki takmeel karti hain.
- Masalan, jo pehla group hai, uss me ek Makki Surat hai, wo hai Surah al-Fatiha aur Chaar Madani Suratein hain, Surah al-Baqarah, Aal-e-Imran, Nisa aur al-Maidah.
- Tedad me to ek hi Makki Surat hai, Surah al-Fatiha, lekin apne mazmoon ya subject ke aitebaar se bohot hi bhaari surat hai. Quran khud iss surat ke baare me farmata hai ke, “Wa laqad aatainaka sab’am min al-Masaani wa al-Quran al-Azeem.” Mehaz iss surat ko bhi Quran-e-Azeem kaha gaya hai.
- Doosre group me, do Suratein Makki hain, aur do Madani hain, al-An’am aur al-A’raaf Makki hain, aur al-Anfal aur at-Tauba Madani hain.
- Teesre group me, 14 Suratein Musalsal chali ja rahi hain Makki Suratein, Surah Younus se lekar Surah al-Mominoon tka, Surah Younus, Surah Hud, Surah Yusuf, Surah ar-Raad, Surah Ibrahim, Surah al-Hijr, Surah an-Nahl, Surah Bani Israil, Surah al-Kahf, Surah Maryam, Surah Taha, Surah al-Anbiya, Surah al-Hajj aur Surah al-Mominoon. Aur iss me ek Madani Surat hai, Surah an-Noor.
- Chohte group me bhi, Surah al-Furqan se Surah as-Sajdah tak 8 Suratein Makki hain, aur phir ek Surat aati hai, Surah al-Ahzaab, Madani hai.
- Ab ye do Suratein jo Madani aayee hain Surah an-Noor aur Surah al-Ahzab ye ek joda hai, kyun ke subjects same hain. Halanke, ye do alag alag groups me hain lekin ek joda hai.
- Phir paanchwa jo group hai, Surah Saba se Surah al-Ahqaaf ye 13 Suratein Makki hain aur Surah Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), Surah al-Fatah aur Surah al-Hujurat ye teen Suratein Madani hain.
- Chhatte group me, Surah Qaaf se Surah al-Waqiya tak 7 Suratein Makki hain aur Surah al-Hadeed se Surah at-Tahreem tak 10 Suratein Madani hain.
- Aakhri Saatwe group me, Surah al-Mulk se Surah al-Ikhlaas tak 46 Suratein Makki hain aur aakhir me al-Muwwadhatain yani Surah al-Falaq aur Surah an-Nas Madani hain.
- Israr Ahmed Sahab kehte hain ke, Har group ka ek markazi mazmoon hai, yani central theme hai, Misaal ke taur par, Pehle group ka markazi mazmoon, Allah ki Shariyat hai. Surah al-Fatiha me dua aayee ke, Ihdina as-Sirat al-Mustaqeem, Aye Allah hume seedha raasta dikha, aur wo seedha raasta kya hai? Allah ki di huwi Shariyat hai.
- Aur Shariyat Mukammal ho jaati hai, inn chaar Suraton me. Shariyat-e-Muhammadi (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka jo blueprint hai, ya jo ibtedaai khaka hai, wo Surah al-Baqarah me milega aur jo takmeeli ahkaam hain wo Surah al-Maidah me milenge.
- Issi tareeqe se, har group ka ek central theme hai.
- Pehle aur Aakhri group me, Makki aur Madani Suraton ki tedad jo hai wo ulti hai, Pehle group me Makki Surat ek hi hai, aur Madani Suratein 4 hain, jo 6 paron se zyada hain, aur aakhri group me Makki Suratein zyada hain, aur aakhir me sirf do chhotti chhotti Madani Suratein hain,
- Phir Doosra aur Paanchwa group, mutawazin hain, Symmetrical hain, idhar doosre group me, Do Suratein Makki aur Do Madani hain, aur udhar 7 Suratein Makki aur 10 Madani hain, lekin ye 7 Suratein Medium Length ki hain aur Doosri Suratein Medium se Chhotti lambai ki hain, to taqreeban size me barabari hai,
- Aur jo beech ke group hai, uss me Makki Suratein zyada hain aur jo Madani Suratein wo kum hain,
- Pehle group ko chhorrh kar, Doosre aur Teesre group me, Makki Suraton ke group me Risaalat ka mazmoon, markazi mazmoon hai, yani central theme hai.
- Darmiyani do groupon me, yani Chohte aur Paanchwe groupon me Tauheed ka mazmoon, markazi mazmoon hai, ya Central theme hai, aur
- Aakhri do groupon me, yani Chhette aur Saatwe groupon me, Aakhirat se chaukanna karne ka mazmoon, central theme hai,
- Madani Suratein jo hain, size ke hisaab se Quran ka one-third hote hain, iss one-third ka two-thirds jo hai, wo pehle group me aa chuke hain,
- Baaqi one-third jo hai wo phir baaqi groups mein pehle huwe hain.[37]
- Raymond Farrin ne Suraton ke rings jama kiye hain, inn ko sahmjhaane ke liye maine kuch diagrams banaye hain…[38]
- Phir har Surat me jo ayaat hain, unn ayaat ke bhi groups hain, inhe bhi subject wise divide kiya ja sakta hai, aur ayaton ka bhi structure hai.
- Sab ke rings banay huwe hain.
- Ye sab kuch jo hai, wo kisi hadith se sabit to nahi hai. Ye naye discoveries hain Quran ke mutalliq, lekin ek hadith me Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Quran ke Ajaib kabhi khatam nahi honge, jitna iss Quran me khojoge, utni aur nematein daryaaft hoti chali jayengi, ila yaumil Qiyamat.
- To ye hadith ho bhi nahi sakta, kyun ke, phir ajaib me se kaise hoga?
Yahan Suraton ke structure ki tafseer khatam huwi, next Saturday In Sha Allah Surah al-Baqarah ki tafseer me agay sunenge.
Al hamdulillahi Rabbil Alameen
Allahumma Silli wa Sallim wa Barik ala abdika wa rasoolika wa sayyidana Muhammad wa ala aalihi wa azwaajihi wa barik wa sallam
Rabbana aatina fid duniya…
References
[1] Source: Nota Neeza: Quranic divisions: Surah, Juz, Hizb.
[2] Abdullah ibn Amr reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Read the Quran once in every month.” I said, “I have strength to do more.” The Prophet said, “Then read it in twenty nights.” I said, “I have strength to do more.” The Prophet said, “Then read it in seven nights, and do not do more than that.”
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ اقْرَأْ الْقُرْآنَ فِي كُلِّ شَهْرٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً قَالَ فَاقْرَأْهُ فِي عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً قَالَ فَاقْرَأْهُ فِي سَبْعٍ وَلَا تَزِدْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ - 4765 صحيح البخاري كتاب فضائل القرآن باب في كم يقرأ القرآن 1971- صحيح مسلم كتاب الصيام باب النهي عن صوم الدهر لمن تضرر
Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi(authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim | Reference: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 4693, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 1971
[3] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xiii
[4] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xi
[5] Source: Tafseer Al Fakhr Al Razi [Tafseer Al Kabeer] (Arabic) : Internet Archive
[6] Source: Tafseer Al Qurtubi : Internet Archive
[7] Source: Gharaib al-Quran Tafseer Nizamuddin al-Nishapuri : Internet Archive
[8] Source: Al-bahr al-muhit : Abu Hayan al-Gharanti : Internet Archive
[9] Source: Nazm al-Durar (Tafsir al-Biqa'i) 8 Vol. Set, Arabic
[10] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xii
[11] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xiv
[12] Source: Angelika Neuwirth - Wikipedia
[13] Source: Structures rythmiques des sourates mecquoises - Pierre Crapon de Caprona - Google Books
[14] Source: Dr. Mustansir Mir (Retired) - Philosophy at YSU
[15] Source: Muhammad A. S. Abdel Haleem - Wikipedia
[16] Source: Structural Dividers in the Quran pdf download | OPENMAKTABA, Amazon.com: Structural Dividers in the Qur'an (Routledge Studies in the Qur'an): 9780367800055: Klar, Marianna
[17] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xv
[18] Reference: Sahih Muslim 804a
[19] Reference: Sunan Abi Dawud 1523, Sunan an-Nasa'i 1336
[20] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: xvi
[21] Taruf-e-Quran (تعارف قرآن) Part-2 By Dr Israr Ahmed | Bayan ul Quran By Dr Israr Ahmad
[22] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 100
[23] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 101
[24] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 102
[25] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 103
[26] Taruf-e-Quran (تعارف قرآن) Part-3 By Dr Israr Ahmed | Bayan ul Quran By Dr Israr Ahmad
[27] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 104
[28] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 105
[29] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 106
[30] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 107
[31] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 108
[32] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 109
[33] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 110
[34] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 111
[35] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 112
[36] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014 Page: 113
[37] Taruf-e-Quran (تعارف قرآن) Part-3 By Dr Israr Ahmed | Bayan ul Quran By Dr Israr Ahmad
[38] Farrin, Raymond; Structure and Quranic Interpretation, White Cloud Press, 2014