AL GAYB ( The Unseen ) اَلْغَيْبِ 2:3
Lafz-e-Ghayb ka maddah ya root (غ ي ب) hai, jiss ke maane English me kahenge Unseen, jo na dikhta ho, jo nazron se aujhal ho. Iss ka opposite kya hai, jo dikhta hai, Seen.
Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) ka ilm inn dono ka ehata karta hai, kyun ke, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) “Aalimi al-Ghaybi wa ash-Shadah” hai.[48] Jin cheezon par hamara Iman hai, wo Quran ko chhorrh kar sab ghayb me hai;
- Allah ko hum dekh nahi sakte, wo hamare liye ghayb hain,
- Tamam Nabiyon, Rasoolon aur Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka inteqaal ho gaya hai, inn sab par aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) par hamara Iman hai, wo hamare liye ghayb hai,
- Farishte jo Allah ki makhlooq hain, jo hume dikhte nahi hain, unn par hamara Iman hai, wo hamare liye ghayb hai,
- Allah ki bheji huwi kitabein, Quran ko chhorrh kar, Taurait, Injeel, Zaboor, waghairah ab unn ki asli halat me nahi hai, unn par hamara Iman hai, wo hamare liye ghayb hai,
- Aakhirat ke din par, hamara Iman hai, wo abhi aya nahi hai, wo hamare liye ghayb hai.
Maazi ya Past jo chala gaya[49] aur Mustaqbil ya future jo abhi aya nahi,[50] hamare liye ghayb hai. Wo tamam cheezen jo haal ya Present me hai, lekin hamari aankhon se aujhal hain, jo hume dikh nahi rahi hai, jaisa ke ye deewar ke peeche kya hai, ya jo hamari samajh se bahar hai, ye sab kuch ghayb hai.[51] Inn maano par jo ahadith ayee hain;
- Aisha (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهَا) ki ek lambi riwayat hai, jiss me aap ne farmaya “…jo koi ye kahe ke Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne ghayb ko dekha hai, wo jhoota hai, kyun ke, Allah ne Quran me farmaya ke, “لاَ يَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ”, Allah ke siway ghayb ko koi nahi jaanta[52].[53]
- Ek Hadith me aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se poochha gaya ke aurat kin kapdo me namaz parrh sakti hai, to aap ne farmaya ke, aise kapde jo uss ke pairon ko chhupa de, iss ki Arabi me “إِذَا غَيَّبَ ظُهُورَ قَدَمَيْهَا” aya hai.[54]
Phir Lafz-e-Ghayb ke maane kisi ki ghair maujoodgi bhi hoti hai.[55] Inn maano par jo ahadith aayee hain,
- Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, jo koi apne gharon se lambe arsay se door the, yane gharon me maujood nahi the, wo apne gharon me raat ke waqt na dakhil hon.[56]
- Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Jab kabhi ek Musalman apne Muslim bhai ke liye, uss ki ghair maujoodgi me dua karta hai, to Farshte kehte hain ke, “Tumhare liye bhi ye dua qabool ho”[57]
- Ek aur hadith me aya hai ke, agar koi Musalman, apne bhai ki ghair maujoodgi me uss ki izzat ka difa kare, to Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) qiyamat ke din uss ke chehre ko jahannum ki aag se mahfooz kar dega.[58]
Lafz-e-Gheebat bhi yehi root se bana hai, apne Bhai ke peet peeche uss ki burai karna, jo agar wo sunn le to naraz ho jaye, jiss se Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne mana farmaya, logon ne poocha ke agar wo Burai uss bhai me hai tab bhi ye gheebat hogi? Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, wo burai uss bhai me hai tab hi to gheebat hai, warna ye to bohtaan ho jayega.[59]
To Muttaqi kaun log hote hain;
الَّذِيۡنَ يُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِالۡغَيۡبِ…
Wo log jo ghaib par, unseen par Iman laate hain, jaisa ke;
- Allah par,
- Rasoolon par,
- Farishton par,
- Allah ki Kitabon par,
- Wahi par, kyun ke, wo dikhti nahi,
- Roz-e-Mahshar par,
- Taqdeer par – chahe wo achi ho ya buri,
- Jannat aur Dozaq par,
- Azab-e-Qabr par,
- Har wo cheez jo Allah ne aur Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) batayee hai wo saari baatein Iman bil-ghayb me shamil hai.[60]
Ibn Kathir apni tafseer me likhte hain ke, iman lane se murad zaban se, dil se, aur amal se ghayb par iman laate hain aur Allah ka dar rakhte huwe jo cheezen abhi bayan ki gayee unn sab par iman laate hain aur iss iqrar ki tasdeeq amal se sath karna lazim hai. To pata chala ke iman qaul aur amal ke majmu’ay ka naam hai. Iss liye Quran me kayee jagah “Allazeena Amanu wa Amilus Salihaat” aya hai, wo log jo Iman laye aur amale saleh kiya. Sirf Iman kaafi nahi hoga, uss ke saath nek amaal bhi chahiye kamiyab hone ke liye.
Iman bil ghayb ki baat ayee to ye hadith ko phir se dohrane ki zaroorat hai ke, Musnad Bazzar ki hadith, Anas Ibn Malik (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْه) se riwayat hai ke, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne poochha;
- Ajeeb-o-Ghareeb iman kis ka hai?
- Sahaba (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُم) ne farmaya ke, Farishton ka hoga, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Farishte kaise iman nahi layenge, wo to Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى) ke sath hote hain,
- Sahaba (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُم) ne farmaya ke, phir Nabiyon ka hoga, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Nabiyon ko to wahi aati hai Allah ki taraf se, wo kaise iman nahi layenge,
- Sahaba (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُم) ne farmaya ke, Sahaba ka hoga, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Sahaba kaise iman nahi layenge, wo to Nabiyon ke sath hote hain,
- Phir farmaya ke, Ajeeb-o-Ghareeb iman unn logon ka hoga, to mere baad ayenge jin me main bhi nahi rahoonga, wo kitabon ko parrhenge, wahi ko,…, yani ke,…, Quran ko parrhenge aur iman layenge, uss ki itteba karenge.[61]
- Ibn Kathir ne iss hadith ke aur do version bayan kiye hain, ek me Ubaidah bin Jarrah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْه) ne Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se poochha ke, Hum se behtar bhi koi aur hai? Hum aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) par iman laye, aap ke saath jihad kiya, to Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya, haan wo log jo tumhare baad ayenge, mujh par iman layenge, halanke unhone mujhe dekha bhi na hoga.
- Doosre me, Muadh ibn Jabal (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْه) ke sath 9 aur sahaba, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke saath thay, inhone poochha ke hum se baday ajr ka mustahaq bhi koi hoga? Hum aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) par iman laye aur aap ki taabedaari ki, to Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya, tum aisa kyun na karte, kyun ke, Allah ka Rasool (صلى الله عليه وسلم) tum me maujood hai, Wahi-e-Ilahi aasmaan se tumhare saamne naazil ho rahi hai. Iman to unn logon ka Afzal hoga, jo tumhare baad ayenge, do Gatton ke darmiyan ye kitab payenge, uss par iman layenge aur uss par amal karenge, ye log ajr me tum se dugne honge.
- Ibn Abi Hatim me ek daif hadith Iman bil ghayb ke hawale se ye milti hai ke, Badeela bint Aslam (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهَا) farmati hain ke, wo banu Haritha ki masjid me Asr ki namaz parrh rahi thi, aur bait al-Maqdis ki taraf hamara rukh tha, do rakat namaz parrh chuke thay ke, kisi ne aa kar khabar di, ke Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Kabatuallah ki taraf apna rukh kar liya hai. Hum suntay hi ghoom gaye, poora 180 degree turn, phir mard Auraton ki jagah aa gaye aur auratein mardon ki jagah aur baaqi ki do rakat Kabatullah ki taraf rukh karke parrhi. Jab Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko iss ki khabar mili to aap ne farmaya ke, ye log hain jo ghaib par iman rakhte hain.[62]
References
[48] Al Quran, Surah al-An’am, Chapter 6: Verse 73
[49] 11:49
[50] 7:188
[51] 12:52
[52] 27:65
[53] Narrated Masruq: `Aisha said, “If anyone tells you that Muhammad has seen his Lord, he is a liar, for Allah says: ‘No vision can grasp Him.’ (6.103) And if anyone tells you that Muhammad has seen the Unseen, he is a liar, for Allah says: “None has the knowledge of the Unseen but Allah.”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ مَنْ حَدَّثَكَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا صلى الله عليه وسلم رَأَى رَبَّهُ فَقَدْ كَذَبَ وَهْوَ يَقُولُ {لاَ تُدْرِكُهُ الأَبْصَارُ} وَمَنْ حَدَّثَكَ أَنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ فَقَدْ كَذَبَ، وَهْوَ يَقُولُ لاَ يَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ.
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 7380
[54] Yahya related to me from Malik from Muhammad ibn Zayd ibn Qunfudh that his mother asked Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “What clothes can a woman wear in prayer?” She said, “She can pray in a shift that reaches down and covers the top of her feet.”
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ قُنْفُذٍ، عَنْ أُمِّهِ، أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَاذَا تُصَلِّي فِيهِ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ فَقَالَتْ تُصَلِّي فِي الْخِمَارِ وَالدِّرْعِ السَّابِغِ إِذَا غَيَّبَ ظُهُورَ قَدَمَيْهَا .
Sunnah.com reference: Book 8, Hadith 37 | USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 8, Hadith 37 | Arabic reference : Book 8, Hadith 326 | https://sunnah.com/malik/8/37
[55] 27:20 & 82:16
[56] Jabir reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When one of you has been away from home for a long time he must not come to his family during the night.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «إِذا طَال أَحَدُكُمُ الْغَيْبَةَ فَلَا يَطْرُقْ أَهْلَهُ لَيْلًا»
مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ (الألباني) حكم :
Reference : Mishkat al-Masabih 3903
[57] Abud-Darda’ (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying, “Whenever a Muslim supplicates for his (Muslim) brother in his absence, the angels say: ‘May the same be for you too’.” [Muslim].
وعن أبي الدرداء رضي الله عنه أنه سمع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: “ما من عبد مسلم يدعو لأخيه بظهر الغيب إلا قال الملك ولك بمثل” ((رواه مسلم)).
Reference : Riyad as-Salihin 1494
[58] Abu ad-Darda’ (RAA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “If a Muslim defends his brother’s honor in his absence, Allah will protect his face from the fire of Hell on the Day of Resurrection.” Related by At-Tirmidhi who graded it to be Hasan.
وَعَنْ أَبِي اَلدَّرْدَاءِ - رضى الله عنه - عَنْ اَلنَّبِيِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم -قَالَ: { مَنْ رَدَّ عَنْ عِرْضِ أَخِيهِ بِالْغَيْبِ, رَدَّ اَللَّهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ اَلنَّارَ يَوْمَ اَلْقِيَامَةِ } أَخْرَجَهُ اَلتِّرْمِذِيُّ, وَحَسَّنَهُ . حسن. رواه الترمذي (1931)، وقال:” هذا حديث حسن”. قلت: ويشهد له ما بعده.
Sunnah.com reference : Book 16, Hadith 92 | English translation : Book 16, Hadith 1571 | Arabic reference : Book 16, Hadith 1528 | https://sunnah.com/bulugh/16/92
[59] Malik related to me from al-Walid ibn Abdullah ibn Sayyad that al-Muttalib ibn Abdullah ibn Hantab al-Makhzumi informed him that a man asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, “What is backbiting?” The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “It is to mention about a man what he does not want to hear.” He said, “Messenger of Allah! Even if it is true?” The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “If you utter something false, then it is slander.”
حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صَيَّادٍ، أَنَّ الْمُطَّلِبَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَنْطَبَ الْمَخْزُومِيَّ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَا الْغِيبَةُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” أَنْ تَذْكُرَ مِنَ الْمَرْءِ مَا يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَسْمَعَ ” . قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ حَقًّا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” إِذَا قُلْتَ بَاطِلاً فَذَلِكَ الْبُهْتَانُ ” .
Sunnah.com reference : Book 56, Hadith 10 | USC-MSA web (English) reference : Book 56, | Hadith 10 | Arabic reference : Book 56, Hadith 1823 | https://sunnah.com/malik/56/10
[60] Hafiz Salahuddin Yousuf, Tafseer Ahsan al-Bayan, Tafseer Surah al-Baqarah, Pages 62-63
[61] Musnad Bazzar no. 7294. Similar wording in Mu’jam al-Kabir by Tabrani. Quoted in Tafsir Ibn Kathir. Source: A B al-Mehri, 40 Hadith on The Quran, The Quran Project, 2nd Edition, Page 29
[62] Hafiz Ibn Kathir, Tafseer Ibn Kathir, Tafseer Surah al-Baqarah, Pages: 76-77