Aoozu Billahi as-Samee al-Aleemi minash Shaitanir Rajeem
Bismillah,…, Alhamdulillahi wahdah was salaatu was salaamu ala man la nabiya ba’adah
Rabbish sharah li sadri wa yassirli amri wahlul uqdatam min lisaani yafqahu qauli
As Salaamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuhu
Aaj 7-Sep-2024 hai aur chand ki tareekh ke mutabiq 4-Rabi al-Awwal ka din hai aur ye 1446 Hijri chal rahi hai, pichle session me humne ye jana ke;
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki paidaish se pehle duniya ka kya haal tha,
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki paidaish ka din 12 Rabi al-Awwal hai,
- Aur ye bhi ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki walida ke alawa kul 8 auratein hain, jinhe ye sharaf hasil huwa ke wo Allah ke honay walay Nabi (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko doodh pilaya,
- Aur Milad an-Nabi manane ke kya dalail hain aur tareeqa kya hai.
Sheher mein rehne walay Arabon me ek tareeqa tha ke, wo apne betton ko Sehraa ki khuli hawa me rehne, doodh peenay, aur apne bachpan ka ek hissa kisi bhi baddu qabile me guzaarne, badduon ke taur-tareeqe seekhne jaise maweshiyon ko charana aur khaas taur par jo Faseeh Arabi hai wo seekhne ke liye bheja karte thay.
John Adair apni Kitab “The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم)” me likhte hain ke, jo Arab ke leaders huwa karte thay unn ke liye zaroori tha ke, wo Baddu’on ka doodh piye.n aur Baddu’on ka khoon unn ki ragon me ho. Na sirf Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) balke pehle aur doosre Khalifa, Abu Bakr aur Umar (رضي الله عنهما) ne bhi apna bachpan Baddu’on ke sath guzara.[1]
Hawazin ke Qabile Banu Sa’ad me Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka Bachpan
Baaz Qabile bohot mash’hoor thay Bachhon ko le jaane, unn ka khayal rakhne aur unn ki baddu tareeqe se parwarish karne me, inn me Bani Sa’ad bin Bakr jo Hawazin ki ek shaakh thi, unn ka bada rutba tha, jo Makkah se kuch doori par inn ki bastiyan thi.[2]
- Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki walida mohtarama bhi apne bettay ko inn ke hawale karne ka sonch rahi thi.n aur Banu Sa’ad ki auraton ke aane ka waqt qareeb tha, to wo intezaar me thi.n
- Inn me se Dayee Haleema bint Abu Dhu’ayh bhi thi, jo apne shohar ke sath nikli aur uss khafile me judh gayee, jo Makkah ja raha tha bachhon ko lene ke liye. Unn ka doodh peeta betta Abdullah bhi iss safar par unn ke sath tha.[3]
- Dayee Haleema ki do bettiyan bhi thi, Unaysa aur Judama (jisay Shayna bhi pukara karte thay) jo wo apne sath nahi le gayee. Inn me Judama sab se badi thi.[4]
- Dayee Haleema bayan karti hain ke, uss waqt barish ke na hone ki wajah se, khushk saali ka daur tha aur unn ki gadhi jis par wo sawar thi aur ek boodhi oonttni bhi sath rakh li thi, takay safar ke dauran uss ka doodh piya ja sakay, dono janwar kumzor ho gaye thay, kyun ke, charahgaahon me janwaron ke charne ke liye kuch bhi nahi tha, aur oonttni doodh nahi de pa rahi thi.
- Har thodi door chalne ke baad unn ki sawari thak jaati aur Dayee Haleema ki wajah se khafila ruk ruk kar chal raha tha. Aur unn ka baytta bhook se tadap raha tha aur wo sab raat bhar jaagte rahe.
- Beher-haal issi haal me wo Makkah pahunchti hain, Dayee Haleem ki sathiyon ko bachhay asaani se mil gaye, lekin Dayee Haleema ko koi bachha dena nahi chahta tha, kyun ke, wo ghareeb thi.n, to log unhe bachha dene se inkaar kar rahe thay.
- Doosri taraf Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko koi Dayee lena nahi chah rahi thi, kyun ke, wo Yateem thay aur unn dino ke tareeqe ke mutabiq bachhe ki Walida aur Dada se koi ummeed nahi rakhi jaati ke wo doodh pilane waliyon ko achha muawza de paaye.n,[5]
- Dayee Haleem bhi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko dekha aur unhe chhorrh kar doosre bachhon ko dekhne chali gayee, lekin unhe koi bachha nahi mila, aur yahan bhi Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko kisi ne nahi liya. Dayee Haleema nahi chahti thi.n ke wo bina koi bachha liye wapas hon, to unhone tayy kiya ke, wo aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko godh le le.n, ye sonch kar ke Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) unhe iss yateem bachhe ki wajah se barkat ata kar dega.
- Dayee Haleema kehti hain ke, jaise hi unhone aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) doodh pilaane ke liye apne seene se lagaya to unn ka seena doodh se bhar gaya, aur dono bachhon ne paytt bhar kar doodh piya, aur wo raasta bhar soye rahe.
- Unn ki oonttni bhi doodh dene lagi, jiss ka doodh Dayee Haleema aur unn ke Shohar ne paytt bhar kar piya, aur unn ki gadhi jo khafilay ke peechhay chal rahi thi, uss me bhi itna dum aa gaya ke, wo khafilay ke aagay ho gayee. Dayee Haleema ki sathiyan poochhne lagi, kya ye wohi gadhi hai jis ki wajah se hume aatay huwe dayr ho gayee thi? Unhone kaha haan wohi gadhi hai, lekin pata nahi isay kya ho gaya hai.
- Ye barkaton ka silsila chalta raha, khushk saali honay ke bawajood, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko godh lene ki barkatein jaari rahi, aur Dayee Haleema ka poora ghar inn barkaton se faida uttha raha tha.
- Do saal poore hone par Dayee Haleema ne aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko apni walida se milane le aayee, aur unn se darkhast ki ke wo Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko abhi unhi ke paas rehnay dein, takay Makkah ki bimariyon se wo bache rahe, aur iss tarah Dayee Haleema aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko wapas apne ghar le aayi.n.
- Matin Lings, Ibn Ishaq ke hawale se likhte hain ke, wapas aanay ke baad kayee mahine guzre, jab Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) aur unn ke doodh-shareek bhai, Abdullah khel rahe thay ke, do shakhs aaye aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko pakda, seene ko cheera, Dil ko nikaala, uss me ek kala tukda tha, wo nikaal kar pheka, seene ko zamzam se dhoya aur wapas band kar diya.
- Itne me, Dayee Haleema ke bettay Abdullah daud kar aaye aur apne walidain ko bataya ke Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko kisi ne qatl kar diya hai, jab wo wahan pahunche to, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) khade thay, aap ka chehra mubarak safed tha,[6] aur poochhne par jo huwa wo bataya, lekin seene par koi nishan nahi tha ke wo yaqeen karte, kya huwa hai. Ye baat to baad me zahir huwi, jab logon ne aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se apni zindagi ke baare me batane ko kaha.
- Dayee Haleema ne tayy kiya ke, iss se pehle ke aur kuch bura ho, wo aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko unn ki Walida ke paas chhorrh ayengi aur unhone aisa hi kiya.[7]
Ek khaas baat yahan note karne ki ye hai ke, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki parwarish kisi Ameer shehzade ki tarah nahi huwi, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) paida hi huwe yateem, phir Dayee Haleema bhi ghareeb thi, unn ke liye chotti chootti ne’matein bohot thi. Aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki khud ki fitrat me reham dili thi, aap bachpan se hi janwaron se muhabbat kiya karte thay.
Imam Dhahabi ek waqiya Siyar Alam al-Nubala me likhte hain ke, jisay John Adair ne apni kitab me bhi nakhal kiya hai, ek waqt aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne apne khamees ki aasteen ko nikaal diya kyun ke uss par ek billi so rahi thi, baad me usay wapas jod liya, takay billi ki neend disturb na ho.[8]
To aise Nabi ki hum seerat sunn rahe hain, jisay Quran ne, Surah al-Anbiya me farmaya ke, Aye Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), Humne Nahi bheja hai aap ko Magar Rehmatul li al-Alameen bana kar, tamam alamon ke liye Rehmat bana kar bheja.[9]
To dekhte chaliye ke ye rehmat kis andaaz se namodaar hoti hai aap ki zindagi me.
Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki Makki Zindagi ka Bayan
Bachpan se Jawani Tak
Teen saal tak Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apni waleda ke sath rahay, iss dauran wo apne khandan walon ka dil jeet liye thay aur apne cousins ke sath khela karte thay, khas taur par Hamza (رضي الله عنه) ke sath jo aap ke hum umar thay aur unn ki behen Safiyyah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) jo aap se chhotti thi.n, rishte me to ye dono chacha aur phupi ka rishta rakhte thay apne walid ki taraf se aur walida ke taraf se to ye cousins thay. Khalere Behen Bhai ka rishta tha.
- Jab aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) chhay (6) saal ke huwe, to apni walida aur Barakah ke sath Yathrib gaye, wahan kuch arsa guzara aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) wahan tairna yani swimming aur patang udana seekhay.
- Wapasi ke safar par, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki walida ki tabiyat bigad gayee aur unhe rukna pada, Abwa ke Muqaam par, jo Yathrib se thodi hi door par hai, wahan kuch din baad Aminah ka inteqaal ho gaya aur wahin Abwa me unn ki Qabar hai.
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) jo ab Yateem-o-Yaseer ho gaye yani dono maa-baap ka inteqaal ho gaya tha – Barakah ke sath Makkah wapas aate hain.
- Abdul Muttalib ab apne potay ka khayal rakhne lagay, aur ye zahir ho gaya ke, jo Muhabbat wo apne bettay Abdullah se karte thay, wo ab uun ke potay Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki taraf muntaqil ho gayi hai.
- Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apne dada ke sath har jagah jaatay, Abd al-Muttalib ko Kaba me waqt guzaarna pasand tha, aur wo Hateem me shaam ke waqt baittha aur raat ko soya karte thay, tab bhi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) unn ke sath hotay, Quraish ka jo Assembly House tha, jo Qusayy bin Kilab ka ghar tha ya Dar al-Nadwa jisay wo kehte thay, jahan Quraish ke sardar jama hotay aur ahem faisle letay, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – Abdul Muttalib ke sath wahan bhi jaatay. Aur Abdul Muttalib unn ahem mashwaron ke dauran, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se bhi mashwara karte, jo ab sirf saath saal ke thay, aur jab Sardaran-e-Quraish Abdul Muttalib se poochte ke, wo ek bachhe se mashwara kar rahe hain, to wo kehte ke, mera pota ek bohot baday aur ahem future ya mustaqbil ka malik hai.
- Do saal tak Abdul Muttalib apne potay ka khayal rakhay, jis ke baad unn ka inteqaal ho gaya, aur ab aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apne chacha Abu Talib ki sarparasti me aa gaye.
- Abu Talib bhi ghareeb thay, iss liye bachpan se hi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) khud kamaya karte thay, bakriyan chara kar, aur apna waqt Makkah ki pahadiyon aur waidyon me akele guzara karte thay.[10]
- Bukhari ki hadith me ata hai ke, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, Allah (سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ) ne koi aisa nabi nahi bheja jis ne bakriyan na charayi hon. Sahaba (رضي الله عنهم) ne poochha ke, kya aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne bhi bakriyan charayi hain? Aap ne farmaya, Haan, Kabhi main bhi Makkah walon ki bakriyan chand qirat ki tankhwa par charaya karta tha.[11]
- John Adair jo ek leadership expert hain, wo apni kitab “The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم)” me ek poora chapter Charwahon par rakha hai, aur Bukhari ki hadith ka hawala dete huwe likhte hain ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke koi nabi aisa nahi ke, jisne charwahe ka kaam na kiya ho.[12]
- Iss ki wajah wo likhte hain ke, charwaha asal me ek acha leader hota hai, jo apne rewarrh ko manage karta hai. Kisi bhi leader ke teen role hotay hain;
- Kisi bhi Task ko ya Kaam ko poora karna,
- Jin logon ke sath aap kaam kar rahe hain, unn ka ittehaad qayem rakhna, aur
- Group ke har ek shakh ki zaroorat ko poora karna.
- To jo charwaha hota hai, wo aksar rewarrh ke saamne hota hai, to lead from the front,
- Lekin rewarrh ko saath me ikhatta rakhne ke liye, wo kabhi side me chalta hai, kabhi peechay chalta hai, to kabhi door se pathar pekh kar bhattakne wali bakriyon ko rewarrh me wapas le ata hai.
- Matlab ke leader apni team se door nahi reh sakta ke, uss ki team bikhar jaye, jaisa charwahe ka kaam yehi hota hai ke wo apne rewarrh ko ek jagah rakhe.
- Agar koi bakri rewarrh se door ho jaye to phir bhediye ki khuraak bann jaate hain.[13]
- Issi sisile me Bukhari, Muslim, Adab al-Mufrad aur Abu Dawood ki ahadith milti hai jisme, farmaya Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne ke, Tum me se har ek charwaha hai, aur wo apne rewarrh ke liye zimmadar hai,
- Logon ka ameer bhi ek charwaha hai, aur wo apne rewarrh ke liye zimmadar hai,
- Ek mard bhi ek charwaha hai apne ghar walon ke liye, aur wo apne rewarrh ke liye zimmadar hai,
- Ek aurat bhi ek charwaha hai apne shohar ke ghar aur bachhon ke liye, aur wo unn ke liye zimmadar hai,
- Aur ek ghulam bhi ek charwaha hai jo apne malik ki cheezon ke liye, aur wo uss ke liye zimmadar hai,
- To har koi charwaha hai aur wo apne rewarrh ke liye zimmadar hai.[14]
- Iss sab kuch ka kya matlab hai?
- Hume to maloom bhi nahi ke, hum me se har ek leader hai, charwahay ho ka matlab hai ke, tum sab apni apni zindagiyon ke Hero ho, aur apne apne ghar ke leader hai.
- Leader to banna sab chahte hain, lekin ye jis leader ki baat ho rahi hai, wo,…, kis liye hai hum ghar ke leader, biwi bachhon par dhaag jamane ke liye? Nahi, hum ghar ke leader hain Quran ko parrhne, samajhne aur uss ko apni zindagiyon me implement karne ke liye.
- Hum leader hain, ye dekhne ke liye ke, Allah ka Qanoon hamare gharon me raij ho raha hai ke, nahi.
- Agar humne ye nahi kiya to seerat sunn kar kya faida hai?
- Har ek apna apna jaiza le le ke, hum kya kar rahe hain.
- Jab aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) 9 saal ke thay, to aap ke chacha Abu Talib unhe apne sath, Syria ke safar par le gaye, wahan jahan karwan hamesha rukta tha, qareeb me ek chhotta sa ghar tha, balke ek kamra ya hujra tha, jis me kayee zamane daraaz se, christian monk raha karte thay, jis ke paas ek kitab thi, jis me aanay walay nabi ka description tha.
- Fil-waqt jo rahib ya monk wahan reh raha tha, uss ka naam Bahira tha, aur uss ki research ke mutabiq Warqa bin Naufal ki tarah ye bhi samajhta tha ke, aakhri Nabi uss ke daur me ayenge, aur wo Karwan ko aate huwe jab dekha to uss ne ghaur kiya ke, ek chhotta sa badal karwan ke ek hissay par ooper chal raha hai, aur jab karwan aa kar ruka to wo badal bhi ruk gaya.
- Bahira ko aakhri Nabi ka khayal ata hai, aur uss ki tashweesh aur badh jaati hai, jab ye sawal ussay ata hai ke, kya aakhri Nabi iss karwan me hai? To wo ye jaanne ke liye, khaane ka bando-bast karta hai, aur Karwan walon ko dawat deta hai, aur takeed karta hai ke, dawat har ek ko hai, chhottay aur baday ko, azad aur ghulam sab ko hai. Lekin jab wo sab dawat me shamil hote hain to wo unn sab ka jaiza leta hai aur kehta hai ke, shayed tum ne kisi ko peechhay chhorrh diya hai, tab unhe Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka khayal ata hai, aur wo jawab dete hain ke, haan ek bachhe ko humne peechhay chhorrha hai, oontton ko dekhne ke liye.
- Khair aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko bulaya jata hai, aur Bahira unhe dekhta hi, pehchhaan leta hai ke, yehi wo bachha hai jo aagay ja kar Allah ka Nabi banne walay hain (صلى الله عليه وسلم). Lekin uss ko ek bechaini abh bhi rehti hai, wo aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka wo nishaan dekhna chahta tha, jo paidaish se aap ki peett ke beech-o-beech raha hai. Bahira aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se apna khamees nikaalne ko kehta hai aur Nubuwwat ka wo nishaan dekh kar, usay yaqeen ho jata hai ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) hi aakhri Nabi banne walay hain.
- Wo Abu Talib se kehta hai ke, wo aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka extra khayal rakhay, aur fauran apne shehr Makkah rawana ho jaye.
- Abu Talib apna kaam niptta kar, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke sath wapas ho jaate hain, aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) wapas apne kaam par lag jaate hain, bakriyan charane ke.
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke chacha mil kar, aap ko, Hamza (رضي الله عنه) aur Abbas (رضي الله عنه) ko training dete hain hatyar chalane ki, jaisa ke unn dino ka mamool tha. Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko teer-andazi pasand thi aur aap ek behtareen teer-andaz ban gaye aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki nazar ki log tareef karte, jo iss fann ke liye chahiye thi.
- Quraish waise to jungon me hissa nahi lete thay lekin, Kinana ke Qabile se unn ke taloqaat thay, iss liye Fijar ki jungon me aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apne chachaon ka sath diye. Ek jung me aap ko ijazat mili, jung me teer-andazi karne ke liye aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki bahaduri ki tareef huwi.[15]
- Fijar ki jungon ka nateeja ye huwa ke, Quraish ke kuch qabilay, jaise Hashim, Muttalib, Zuhrah, Asad, Taym aur Adi mil kar ek Halaf liye ke wo har qism ke zulm ke khilaf khade honge, chahe wo zulm kisi ke bhi khilaf ho, Ameer ho ya ghareeb, Quraish ke kisi shakhs ke khilaf ho ya koi bahar se aane walay ke khilaf ho, isay Halaf-e-Fudoul kaha jata hai, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) iss halaf ka hissa thay, aur Abu Bakr bhi jo aap se kuch saal chhotte thay, wo bhi is halaf ka hissa thay.
- Ibn Ishaq apni seerat me likhte hain ke, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke, main Abdullah ibn Judan ke ghar me maujood tha, jahan Halaf-e-Fudoul li gayee, jis ki tareef aap kiya karte thay, aur kehte ke, agar aaj Islam ke raij hone ke baad bhi agar mujhe koi uss halaf ko support karne ke liye bulayega to main usay support karoonga.[16]
Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka Sadiq-ul-Aameen ka laqab
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ab 20 saal ki umar paar kar gaye, aur waqt ke guzarte, zyada se zyada log aap ko dawat dete ke wo unn ke sath safar kare kisi bhi karwan ke sath chale.
- Phir ek waqt aya jab, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se kaha gaya ke, kisi tajir ke saman ki zimmadari le usay Syria ki market me bechay aur munafa kama kar de, kyun ke, wo tajir khud nahi safar kar sakta tha. Iss muamele me aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko itni kamiyabi mili ke, doosre log bhi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko apne maal ki zimmadari dene lagay aur aap bohot hi imandari se ye kaam anjaam dete aur iss tareeqe se aap ki kamayi me izafa honay laga.[17]
- Aur Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki imandari ke charchay saare Makkah me honay lagay, unn logon ke zariye, jo aap ko apna maal dete aur jisay Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) baych kar logon ko munafa kama kar de rahe thay. Aap ko al-Ameen yani “The Reliable”, ya “The Trustworthy” ke laqab se log pukaarne lagay aur aap as-Sadiq yani “The Honest” ke laqab se bhi pukaare jaane lagay.[18]
Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki Shakhsiyat ka Bayan
- Rasool Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) aksar muskuraya karte thay.[19]
- Aap (صَلَّى ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) ka chehra chand ke jaisa dikhta tha.[20] Aur ek hadith me Jabir bin Samura (رضي الله عنه) kehte hain ke, maine ek raat ko chaudhwi ke chand ko dekha aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko dekha aur compare karne par mujhe aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) chand se zyada khoobsoorat lagay.[21]
- Aap (صَلَّى ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) darmiyana qad ke thay, na chhotay qad ke aur na bohot lambay,
- Aap ka sar Mubarak bada tha,
- Chaurrhay kandhe lekin baaqi ka jism kandhon ke lehaz se perfectly proportioned tha, na bohot duble aur na mottay,
- Aap ke sar ke aur dadhi ke baal ghanay aur kaale thay, aur halke ghungruwale thay, aap ke baal kaano aur kandhon ke beech me thay, aur dadhi bhi seene shuru tak thi, ye dadhi ki lambayi natural thi, yani aap ko kabhi dadhi moondne ki zaroorat nahi thi,
- Peshani chaudi aur aankhen Kaali aur badi thi, aankhon ki palke bhi badi, bhanwe bhi gol aur ghani thi, lekin judi huwi nahi thi, beech me gap tha,
- Aur aap ki naak khamdaar thi, yani halki si curved thi, aur aap ka muh bada aur khoobsoorat tha,
- Overall jo appearance tha aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki dadhi badi hone ke bawajood, khoobsoorat aur dilkash tha,
- Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki mooch, chhotti thi, aap kabhi mooch ke baal ooper ke hontt ke neeche nahi aane diye,
- Aap goray thay lekin dhoop se rang halka sa gehoowi ho gaya tha, ya sun tanned tha,
- Aap ke chehre par ek noor tha, khaas taur par peshani aur aankhe chamakdaar thi.
- Aap ke jodh baday thay, baday hath aur payr thay,
- Aap (صَلَّى ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) tezi se aur paon uttha kar chalte, jaisay chalte waqt kisi patthar se paon utha rahe hon.[22]
- Baad me jab aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki dadhi mubarak me chaar safed baal huwe, (jo dadhi ke beech me thay, hontt ke neechay) to aap unhe khaluq se zard rang kiya karte thay.[23]
- Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke Sahaba (رضي الله عنهم) bhi itteba me dadhi ek musht rakhte, jo taqreeban seene ke ooper tak aati hai.[24]
Amma Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) se Nikah aur Azwaji Zindagi
Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki imandari ke charche, Khadija bint Khuwaylid (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) tak bhi pahunchay, jo uss waqt ke ameer tajiron me se ek thi.n, aur wo Warqa bin Naufal ki cousin yani chacha zaad behen thi.n. Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) bewa thi.n, aur unn ke doosre shohar ke inteqaal ke baad se, unn ka mamool bann gaya tha ke, wo aise logon ko kaam deti, jo unn ki taraf se tijarat karte.
- Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ne bhi apne rishtedaron se, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke baray me sunn rakha tha, aur ek din unhone aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko ye tajweez bheji ke, agar aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) unn ka maal Syria yani Shaam me, tijarat karenge to wo unhe double muawza denge, jo iss se pehle kisi ko nahi diya tha. Ye tajweez aap qabool karte hain.
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki madad ke liye Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ne apne ek khadim Maysarah ko bheja, aur wo saman le kar Syria ki taraf safar karte hain. Wahan pahunch kar, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ussi pedh ke neechay aram karte hain, jo 15 saal pehle bachpan me chacha Abu Talib ke sath jahan rukay thay, aur Bahira ne aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko dekh kar pehchaan liya tha. Ab uss hujray me, Rahib Nestor reh raha tha, wo aa kar Maysarah se poochhta hai ke, iss darakht ke neechay kaun hai, Maysara jawab deta hai ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Quraish ke qabile se hain, jo Kaba ki dekh-bhaal karte hain. Nestor kehta hai ke, ye koi aur nahi ek Nabi hai.
- Jab khafila Syria me aagay badha, to Maysarah jo pehle se hi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se bohot mutasir tha, uss ke kaano me Nestor ke alfaaz goonj rahe thay. Ye koi aur nahi ek Nabi hai.
- Beher-haal aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Tijarat mukammil karke, Maysara aur Khafile ke sath Makkah wapas aatay hain, aur Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ko hisaab dete hain, jo bohot hi munafa bakhsh tha, iss se pehle unhe itna faida kabhi nahi huwa tha, aur Maysara bhi aa kar tamam waqiyat, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki personality, Nestor ki peshangoi, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke akhlaaq aur aap ki logon se dealing ke baare me, Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ko batata hai. Maysara ki baatein Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) apne chacha-zaad bhai Warqa ko batati hain, to wo kehte hain ke, agar ye sab sach hai to Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Arabon ke Nabi hain, jis ka intezaar bohot dino se tha.
- Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) apni saheli Nufaysah ko aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke paas Nikah ke paigham ke sath bhejti hain, jisay wo qabool karte hain. Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) aap ko bula bhejti hain aur ye tayy hota hai ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apne chacha se iss Nikah ke taloq se baat karenge, aur Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) apne chacha Amr bin Asad se.
- Nikah 20 oonttniyon ke meher par ho jata hai, aur Nikah ke din aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Barakah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ko ghulami se azad kar dete hain, wo bandi jo aap ko apne walid ki taraf se wirasat me mili thi, aur kyun ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka apna koi ghar nahi tha, to aap Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ke ghar me rehne lagay.[25]
- Yahan thoda ruk kar ye ghaur karna hai ke, South India me, khaas taur par Kerala me, aur Sri Lanka ke Musalmano me ye tareeqa hai ya ek custom hai ke, Ladka Nikah ke baad apne sasuraal me shift ho jata hain,
- Ye ladki walon par aisa bojh hai ke, baaz log iss bojh ko bardasht nahi kar sakte.
- Jab maine iss riwaj ke baare me research kiya, to pata chala ke, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki iss sunnat ki wo pairwi kar rahe hain, jaisa ke aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ke ghar aa kar rehne lagay.
- Sab se pehli baat to ye hai ke, Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) Ameer thi aur independent thi, apne maa-baap ke sath apne walid ke ghar me nahi reh rahi thi.n, jo aam taur par South Asia me joint family system me hota hai.
- Doosri baat ye hai ke, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) aur Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ek alag ghar me reh rahe thay, jo hamare paas, Indian Subcontinent ke mumalik me, iss ka riwaj nahi hai.
- To sunnat ko follow karne ka dawa to karte hain, lekin poori sunnat nahi follow kar rahe hain.
- Aur phir mere sunnat ki ittaba karne me, kisi ke liye museebat nahi banna chahiye, kyun ke, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki seerat uttha kar dekh li jiye, wo insaano ko to chhorriye, janwaron ke liye kabhi museebat nahi banay.
- To inn sab ka khayal rakhna hai, aur ye joint family system se alag ho kar, miya biwi apne ghar me rahe, ye asal sunnat hai.
- Lekin khayal rahe, iss ka hargiz ye matlab nahi hai ke, hum apne maa-baap ka khayal rakhna chhorrh de, nahi, unn ka khayal bhi rakhna hai. Agar ho sakay to paas me ghar le lein, takay maa-baap ki khidmat karna asaan ho jaye.
- Joint family system ke nuqsanaat aaj zahir ho kar hamare saamne aa rahe hain, biwi shohar ke khandan me akeli rehti hai, to dewaron se parda hona chahiye, warna aise kayee cases saamne aaye hain, jahan ghalat harkatein shuru ho jaati hai. Chahe wo susar ho ya dewar, jahan ek mard aur ek aurat akele rehte hain, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne farmaya ke shaitan unn dono ke beech me hota hai. Aur ek hadith me farmaya kisi sawal ke jawab me ke, shohar ke rishtedaar akeli aurat ke paas na jaye, kyun ke, wo maut hain.[26]
- Chalte chalte ye baatein bayan karna zaroori tha, warna Seerat-e-Nabawi (صلى الله عليه وسلم) koi kahani nahi hai, ye to apni zindagiyon me amal me laane ki cheez hai. Agar khali kahani sunna hai to, to phir seerat se faida kaise utthayenge?
- Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) na sirf ek achi biwi sabit huwi, balke wo aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki ek achhi dost bhi thi, aap ke khayalat aur tasawwuraat me hissedaar thi.n. Aap ke ideals ko maane wali biwi thi.n. Bohot kum biwiyan aisi hoti hain, aaj kal Musalman auratein bhi kama rahi hain, lekin na mardon me wo ideals hain aur na auraton me ke, wo apne shohar ki achhi adaton se ittefaq kare, unhe support kare.
- Aap dono ko sab se pehle, betta hota hai, jisay wo Qasim ka naam dete hain, aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko Abu al-Qasim ke kuniye se pukara jaane laga, do saal poore hone se pehle, Qasim ka inteqaal ho jata hai.
- Uss ke baad doosre number par aap ko ek betti hoti hai, jisay wo Zaynab ka naam dete hain, Zaynab ke baad aur teen bettiyon hoti hain, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum aur Fatima (رضي الله عنهم) aur aakhir me ek aur betta hota hai, jis ka bhi jald hi inteqaal ho jata hai.
- To kul 6 bachhe aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) hote hain, Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) se, jin me se 4 zinda rehte hain aur mard bachhon ka inteqaal Allah ki marzi se ho jata hai. Ye point ko yaad rakhiye, kyun ke, ye Khatm-e-Nabuwwat ka hissa hai, jo hum agay discuss karenge.
- Baraka (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ki jagah Amma Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها), aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko Zaid bin Haritha (رضي الله عنه) ko aap ki khidmat karne ke liye tohfa deti hain. Aur Barakah ka Nikah ek Yathrib ke shakhs se kar dete hain, jis se Barakah ko ek Betta hota hai, jis ke baad Barakah, Umm Ayman (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ke naam se jaani jaati hain.
- Zaid bin Haritha (رضي الله عنه) Kalb ke qabile se thay, jin ke walid qabile ke sardar thay, aur walida bhi Mash’hoor Tayy qabile se thi.n, jis ke sardar Hatim al-Tayy huwa karte thay, jo apni bahaduri aur saqawat ke liye mash’hoor thay. Ek waqt Zaid (رضي الله عنه) apni walida ke sath unn ke qabile gaye huwe thay, jahan par ek hamle me wo, qaidi bana liye jaate hain aur ghulamo ki tarah bech diye jaate hain jo Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ke bhatije ke zariye aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke ghar me pahunchte hain aur iss waqiye ko kayee saal guzar jaate hain.
- Aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki khidmat me rehte huwe Zaid (رضي الله عنه) ko kuch mahine hi huwe thay ke, Hajjiyon ka ek dasta Kalb ke Qabile se Makkah ata hai, jis ke zariye wo kuch ashaar ke sahare ek message bhejte hain, aur Haaritha apne bettay ko dhoondte huwe Makkah pahunchte hain, aur Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se guzarish karte hain ke, wo muh-maangi qeemat denge, Zaid (رضي الله عنه) ko riha karne ke liye, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) kehte hain ke, jo Zaid kahega wohi hoga.
- Agar uss ne tum ko chun liya to baghair kisi qeemat ke wo tumhara huwa, aur agar Zaid ne mujhe chuna to main uss ko nahi chhorrh sakta jo mujhe pasand kare. Zaid (رضي الله عنه) Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke sath rehna pasand karte hain, fauran Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Zaid ka hath pakad kar Kaba me le jaate hain, aur unn ke Walid aur Chacha ke saamne aur Makkah walon ke saamne declare kar dete hain ke, aaj se ye Zaid bin Haritha nahi, balke Zaid bin Muhammad kehlaye jayenge (رضي الله عنه).
- Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) phoopi aur Hamza (رضي الله عنه) ki behen, Safiyyah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) aksar aap ke ghar aya karti thi, apne bettay Zubair ibn Awwam ke sath, aur ye log aap ke ghar ka hissa thay, qareebi rishtedaro me.[27]
- Kabhi kabaar, Dayee Haleema bhi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se milne aya karti thi, aur jab bhi wo aati to Bachpan se hi Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) unhe aata dekhte to Ummi Ummi keh kar unn ki taraf daudhte aur unn ka hath pakad kar ghar le aate, apni chadar bichha kar unhe bitthate, aur ab aap ki shadi ke baad, Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) unn par bohot meherbaan thi aur unn ki madad kiya karti thi.n. Ek saal qahat pad gaya aur Dayee Haleema ke ghar walon ki halat bohot kharab thi, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ke kehne par Khadija (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) unhe 40 bakriyan aur ek oontt deti hain.[28]
- Ussi qahat yani drought ke saal, Abu Talib ke ghar ki halat bhi bohot kharab thi, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne apne chacha Abbas (رضي الله عنه) se kaha ke, wo Abu Talib ke ek bettay Jafar (رضي الله عنه) ko godh le le, jo ab 14 saal ke ho chuke thay, aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) khud Ali (رضي الله عنه) ko apne ghar me le aate hain, jo aap ke ghar me Abdullah ki jagah le lete hain, jis ka inteqaal kuch din pehle hi huwa tha. Ye pancho bachhe aur Zayd (رضي الله عنه) ke sath mil kar aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) aur Khadijah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ki famliy bann gayee.
- Doosre qareebi rishtedaron me,
- Aap ke chacha Harith ke bettay Abu Sufyan thay, jisay Dayee Haleema ne doodh pilaya tha, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko doodh pilaane ke chand saal ke baad, iss ke nateeje me wo chachere bhai ke alawa, doodh shareek bhai bhi thay.
- Phir aap ki badi phoopi ke bettay Abdullah bin Jahsh bhi aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se bohot qareeb thay.
- Aur ek aur phoopi Barrah ke bettay Abu Salamah bhi bachpan se hi aap ke qareeb thay.
- Issi tarah Khadijah (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) ki behen ke bettay Abul Aas ke bhi aap se gehre taloqaat thay, jis ki shadi wo apni betti Zaynab (رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْها) se kar dete hain.
- Ye rishtedaaron ke ecosystem ke, bahar bhi al-Ameen (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ka influence aisa tha ke, Quraish ke sardar ye samajhte thay ke, wo poore Qabile ka naam roshan karenge,
- Shayed iss liye, Abu Lahab ne Ruqayyah aur Umm Kulthum (رضي الله عنهما) ki mangni apne dono betton ke sath karne ka proposal dete hain aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) iss par razi ho jaate hain aur mangni ho jaati hai.[29]
- Inn tamam mamelaat ke sath sath, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) apna ghar chalane ke liye, Karwan le kar kabhi Yemen jaate aur Kabhi Syria jaate, jaisa ke unn dino ka mamool tha. John Adair apni kitab me likhte hain ke, Karwan chalane wale ka kaam ye hota tha ke, wo har cheez organize karta hai, oontton ko, oontt chalane wale ko, saman ki loading ko, safar ki tayyari aur phir jo log sath hain Khafile me, unn ka khayal rakhna, unn ki zarooriyat ko poora karna, jab tak ke safar poora na ho jaye, aur safar ke poora honay tak karwan ko ek jutth rakhna, aur karwan ke har shakhs ki mushkilon ko samajhna aur unhe hal karna.
- Ye tamam cheezen ek leader me hona chahiye.[30]
- To iss tareeqe se aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki ek leader ki haisiyat se training ho rahi thi aur aap ko iss me bohot experience bhi ho gaya tha.
- Aur aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) se ye qualities zahir ho rahe thay, aur jahan bhi wo jaate log unn ki achhai se mutasir hote thay.
Kabatullah ki dobara Tameer
Ye tamam waqiyat ho rahay thay, uss waqt aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ki umar 35 saal thi, Quraish Kabah ki tameer dobara karna chahte thay, kyun ke, uss waqt Kaba ki deewarein zyada oonchi nahi thi, aur ooper chhat bhi nahi tha, aur jo khazana uss me rakah tha kisi ne chura liya tha, aur jo deewarein thi wo bhi boseeda ho chuki thi, to tameer ki zaroorat aa gayee aur unn ke paas sab saman tayyar tha, aur chat banane ke liye lakdi bhi maujood thi.
- Lekin wo darte thay ke, agar iss ki deewar ko todenge, to kuch nuqsan hoga.
- Beher-haal darte darte, Makhzum ke sardar Waleed bin Mughira kudaal ya genti lekar deewar ka ek hissa gira dete hain, log dar rahe thay ke, Waleed ke sath koi anhoni hogi, lekin jab doosre din wo sahih salamat wapas aye aur Kabatullah ki deewaron ko todhna shuru kiya to doosre log bhi hath battane ke liye judh gaye.
- Hajr-e-Aswad ke peechhay, unn ko ek abrani zaban me likha huwa parcha milta hai, jisay wo parrh nahi sakte thay, phir kisi yahoodi ke zariye, unhe pata chalta hai ke, uss par likha tha, Main Allah hoon, Bacca ka Rabb, maine isay uss waqt banaya jab zameen aur aasmaan ki khilqat ho rahi thi, aur jis din maine sooraj aur chand ko banaya, aur iss ke atraaf maine saat nek farishton ko rakha hai, ye shehr uss waqt tak rahega jab tak ke iss ki do pahadiyan khadi rahengi, jo uss ke logon ke liye doodh aur paani se barkat wali hai.
- Quraish ab Kaba ki tameer me lag gaye aur Kabatullah ki deewaron ko ooncha karne me masroof ho gaye, aur jab Hajr-e-Aswad ko rakhne ka waqt aya to, har qabile walay chahte thay ke ye sharaf unn ko hasil ho, aur wo jhagadna shuru kar diye aur kaam 4 se 5 din tak ruka raha aur qabilon ke groups ban gaye aur jung tak baat pahunch gayi.
- Unn me ek buzug shakhs ne mashwara diya ke, kal subah jo bhi Masjid-e-Haram me dakhil hoga, wo tayy karega ke kis qabile ko ye sharaf hasil hoga, Hajr-e-Aswad ko uss ki jagah par rakhay aur sab ne ye mashwara maan liya.
- Doosre din Subah me, sab se pehle shakhs Masjid me jo dakhil huwe wo, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) thay, jo Makkah me kuch waqfe ke baad wapas aaye thay, aur aap ko dekhte hi wahan maujood log khushi se kehne lagay, ye to al-Ameen hai, inn ka faisla hume manzoor hai.
- Jab unn logon ne aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ko sara mamela bataya to, aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne kaha ke ek chadar lao, aur jab wo layee gayee to aap ne usay zameen par bichha diya aur Hajr-e-aswad ko uss chadar ke beech me rakh diya, aur phir kaha ke har qabile walay chadar ke konay se pakadein aur ek saath utthaye, aur jab unhone usay uttha diya, to aap (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ne Hajr-e-Aswad ko apne hath se uttha kar uss ki jagah par rakh diya, aur phir Kaba ki baqi tameer poori huwi aur Kabatullah bann kar tayyar ho gaya.
Yahan hum aaj ka session rok denge. Wa aakhirud dawana anil hamdulillahi rabbil alameen, was salaatu was salaamu alaa rasoolullahi salla allahu alaihi wa sallam.
References
[1] John Adair, The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), KoganPage, 2010 Pages 7-8
[2] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 23
[3] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 24
[4] John Adair
[5] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 24
[6] Anas b. Malik reported that Gabriel came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while he was playing with his playmates. He took hold of him and lay him prostrate on the ground and tore open his breast and took out the heart from it and then extracted a blood-clot out of it and said: That was the part of Satan in thee. And then he washed it with the water of Zamzam in a golden basin and then it was joined together and restored to it place. The boys came running to his mother, i. e. his nurse, and said: Verily Muhammad has been murdered. They all rushed toward him (and found him all right) His color was changed, Anas said. I myself saw the marks of needle on his breast.
حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَهُوَ يَلْعَبُ مَعَ الْغِلْمَانِ فَأَخَذَهُ فَصَرَعَهُ فَشَقَّ عَنْ قَلْبِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ الْقَلْبَ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ عَلَقَةً فَقَالَ هَذَا حَظُّ الشَّيْطَانِ مِنْكَ . ثُمَّ غَسَلَهُ فِي طَسْتٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ بِمَاءِ زَمْزَمَ ثُمَّ لأَمَهُ ثُمَّ أَعَادَهُ فِي مَكَانِهِ وَجَاءَ الْغِلْمَانُ يَسْعَوْنَ إِلَى أُمِّهِ – يَعْنِي ظِئْرَهُ – فَقَالُوا إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ . فَاسْتَقْبَلُوهُ وَهُوَ مُنْتَقَعُ اللَّوْنِ . قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَى أَثَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمِخْيَطِ فِي صَدْرِهِ .
Reference: Sahih Muslim 162c
[7] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 25-27
[8] Source: Did the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) Have A Cat Called Muezza? – SeekersGuidance
[10] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 27-29
[11] Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Allah did not send any prophet but shepherded sheep.” His companions asked him, “Did you do the same?” The Prophet (ﷺ) replied, “Yes, I used to shepherd the sheep of the people of Mecca for some Qirats.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَكِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ” مَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ نَبِيًّا إِلاَّ رَعَى الْغَنَمَ ”. فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ وَأَنْتَ فَقَالَ ” نَعَمْ كُنْتُ أَرْعَاهَا عَلَى قَرَارِيطَ لأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ”.
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 2262
[12] Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: We were with Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) picking the fruits of the ‘Arak trees, and Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Pick the black fruit, for it is the best.” The companions asked, “Were you a shepherd?” He replied, “There was no prophet who was not a shepherd.”
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَنَّ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَجْنِي الْكَبَاثَ، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ” عَلَيْكُمْ بِالأَسْوَدِ مِنْهُ، فَإِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُهُ ”. قَالُوا أَكُنْتَ تَرْعَى الْغَنَمَ قَالَ ” وَهَلْ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ إِلاَّ وَقَدْ رَعَاهَا ”.
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 3406
[13] John Adair, The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), KoganPage, 2010 Pages 18-19
[14] ‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The imam who is over the people is a shepherd and is responsible for his flock; a man is a shepherd in charge of the inhabitants of his household and he is responsible for his flock; a woman is a shepherdess in charge of her husband’s house and children and she is responsible for them; and a man’s slave is a shepherd in charge of his master’s property and he is responsible for it. So each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock.” [Bukhari and Muslim]
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «أَلا كلُّكُمْ راعٍ وكلُّكُمْ مسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ فَالْإِمَامُ الَّذِي عَلَى النَّاسِ رَاعٍ وَهُوَ مسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ مسؤولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ وَالْمَرْأَةُ رَاعِيَةٌ عَلَى بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا وولدِهِ وَهِي مسؤولةٌ عَنْهُمْ وَعَبْدُ الرَّجُلِ رَاعٍ عَلَى مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ وَهُوَ مسؤولٌ عَنهُ أَلا فكلُّكُمْ راعٍ وكلكُمْ مسؤولٌ عَن رعيتِه» حكم: مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ (الألباني)
Grade: Sahih (al-Albani) | Reference: Mishkat al-Masabih 3685, Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 206, Sunan Abi Dawud 2928
[15] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 29-31
[16] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 31-32
[17] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 33
[18] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 34
[19] Narrated Ibn Jaz: “I have not seen anyone who smiled more than the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).”
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ، قَالَ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ تَبَسُّمًا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ .
Grade: Hasan (Darussalam) | Reference: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3641
[20] Narrated Abu Ishaq: “A man asked Al-Bara: ‘Was the face of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) like a sword?’ He said: ‘No, like the moon.'”
حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ الْبَرَاءَ أَكَانَ وَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِثْلَ السَّيْفِ قَالَ لاَ مِثْلَ الْقَمَرِ . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3636
[21] Jabir ibn Samurah reported: I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, on a clear night while he was wearing a red cloak. I turned my sight between him and the moon and, to me, he was more handsome and beautiful than the moon.
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي لَيْلَةٍ إِضْحِيَانٍ وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ فَجَعَلْتُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ وَإِلَى الْقَمَرِ فَلَهُوَ عِنْدِي أَحْسَنُ مِنَ الْقَمَرِ – 9 الشمائل المحمدية للترمذي – 8 المحدث الألباني خلاصة حكم المحدث صحيح في مختصر الشمائل
Grade: Sahih (authentic) according to Al-Albani | Reference: al-Shamā’il al-Muḥammadīyah 9
[22] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Page 35
Yazid al-Farisi, who used to inscribe copies of the Qur’an said: “I saw the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) in my sleep in the time of Ibn ‘Abbas, so I said to Ibn ‘Abbas: ‘I saw Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) in my sleep!’ Ibn ‘Abbas said: “Allah’s Messenger (Allah bless him and give him peace) used to say: ‘Satan cannot imitate me, so if someone sees me in his sleep, he has indeed seen me!’ Can you describe this man whom you saw in your sleep?” “Yes,” he said. “I shall describe for you an average man: his body and his flesh were brown-to-white; he was black eyed, endowed with a pleasant smile and handsome facial features; his beard went from here to here, and it came down over the top of his chest.” ‘Awf said: “I do not know what could be added to this description,” and Ibn ‘Abbas said: “If you had seen him in the state of wakefulness, you could not have described him more accurately than this.”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالا: حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفُ بْنُ أَبِي جَمِيلَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ الْفَارِسِيِّ وَكَانَ يَكْتُبُ الْمَصَاحِفَ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي الْمَنَامِ زَمَنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ لابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي النَّوْمِ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ كَانَ، يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَتَشَبَّهَ بِي، فَمَنْ رَآنِي فِي النَّوْمِ فَقَدْ رَآنِي، هَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَنْعَتَ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَهُ فِي النَّوْمِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، أَنْعَتُ لَكَ رَجُلا بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، جِسْمُهُ وَلَحْمُهُ أَسْمَرُ إِلَى الْبَيَاضِ، أَكْحَلُ الْعَيْنَيْنِ، حَسَنُ الضَّحِكِ، جَمِيلُ دَوَائِرِ الْوَجْهِ، مَلأَتْ لِحْيَتُهُ مَا بَيْنَ هَذِهِ إِلَى هَذِهِ، قَدْ مَلأَتْ نَحْرَهُ، قَالَ عَوْفٌ: وَلا أَدْرِي مَا كَانَ مَعَ هَذَا النَّعْتِ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: لَوْ رَأَيْتَهُ فِي الْيَقَظَةِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَنْعَتَهُ فَوْقَ هَذَا. قال أبو عيسى: ويزيد الفارسي هو يزيد بن هرمز وهو أقدم من يزيد الرقاشي وروى يزيد الفارسي عن ابن عباس أحاديث. ويزيد الرقاشي لم يدرك ابن عباس، وهو يزيد بن أبان الرقاشي وهو يروي عن أنس بن مالك. ويزيد الفارسي ويزيد الرقاشي كلاهما من أهل البصرة وعوف بن أبي جميلة هو عوف الأعرابي.
Grade: Hasan Isnād (Zubair `Aliza’i) | Ash-Shama’il Al-Muhammadiyah 412
It was narrated from `Ali bin Abi Talib (رضي الله عنه) that He described the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: He had a large head, a reddish white complexion, a large beard, large joints and large hands and feet. He had a long line of hair running from his chest to his navel and the hair on his head was thick and slightly wavy. He used to lean forward when walking as if he was walking uphill, and he was neither tall nor short, I have never seen anyone like him (ﷺ) before or since. ‘Ali bin Hakeem said in his hadeeth: ‘Ali bin Abi Talib (رضي الله عنه) described the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) to us. He said: He had a large head and beautiful, slightly wavy hair.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْد اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ بِنْتِ السُّدِّيِّ قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ وَصَفَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ كَانَ عَظِيمَ الْهَامَةِ أَبْيَضَ مُشْرَبًا بِحُمْرَةٍ عَظِيمَ اللِّحْيَةِ ضَخْمَ الْكَرَادِيسِ شَثْنَ الْكَفَّيْنِ وَالْقَدَمَيْنِ طَوِيلَ الْمَسْرُبَةِ كَثِيرَ شَعَرِ الرَّأْسِ رَاجِلَهُ يَتَكَفَّأُ فِي مِشْيَتِهِ كَأَنَّمَا يَنْحَدِرُ فِي صَبَبٍ لَا طَوِيلٌ وَلَا قَصِيرٌ لَمْ أَرَ مِثْلَهُ لَا قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَوَصَفَ لَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ كَانَ ضَخْمَ الْهَامَةِ حَسَنَ الشَّعَرِ رَجِلَهُ.
Grade: Hasan because of corroborating evidence] (Darussalam) | Reference: Musnad Ahmad 944
It was narrated that ‘Ali (رضي الله عنه) said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was neither short not tall; he had a large head and beard, large hands and feet, large joints, a reddish face, and a long line of hair from his chest to his navel. When he walked he walked energetically, as if lifting his feet from a rock. I have never seen anyone like him before or since, may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him.
حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مُجَمِّعُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، وَالْمَسْعُودِيُّ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ، عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ بِالْقَصِيرِ وَلَا بِالطَّوِيلِ ضَخْمَ الرَّأْسِ وَاللِّحْيَةِ شَثْنَ الْكَفَّيْنِ وَالْقَدَمَيْنِ ضَخْمَ الْكَرَادِيسِ مُشْرَبًا وَجْهُهُ حُمْرَةً طَوِيلَ الْمَسْرُبَةِ إِذَا مَشَى تَكَفَّأَ تَكَفُّؤًا كَأَنَّمَا يَتَقَلَّعُ مِنْ صَخْرٍ لَمْ أَرَ قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ مِثْلَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ و قَالَ أَبُو النَّضْرِ الْمَسْرُبَةُ وَقَالَ كَأَنَّمَا يَنْحَطُّ مِنْ صَبَبٍ و قَالَ أَبُو قَطَنٍ الْمَسْرُبَةُ و قَالَ يَزِيدُ الْمَسْرُبَةُ.
Grade: Hasan because of corroborating evidences (Darussalam) | Musnad Ahmad 1053
Narrated Ibn `Umar: Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Cut the moustaches short and leave the beard (as it is).
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدَةُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم “ انْهَكُوا الشَّوَارِبَ، وَأَعْفُوا اللِّحَى ”.
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 5893
[23] It was narrated that Zaid bin Aslam said: “I saw Ibn ‘Umar dyeing his beard yellow with Khaluq and I said: ‘O Abu ‘Abdur-Rahman, are you dyeing your beard yellow with Khaluq?’ He said: ‘I saw the Messenger of Allah [SAW] dyeing his beard yellow with it, and there was no other kind of dye that was dearer to him than this. He used to dye all of his clothes with it, even his ‘Imamah (turban).'”
أَخْبَرَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يُصَفِّرُ لِحْيَتَهُ بِالْخَلُوقِ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّكَ تُصَفِّرُ لِحْيَتَكَ بِالْخَلُوقِ . قَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يُصَفِّرُ بِهَا لِحْيَتَهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ شَىْءٌ مِنَ الصِّبْغِ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهَا وَلَقَدْ كَانَ يَصْبُغُ بِهَا ثِيَابَهُ كُلَّهَا حَتَّى عِمَامَتَهُ . قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهَذَا أَوْلَى بِالصَّوَابِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ قُتَيْبَةَ .
Grade: Sahih (Darussalam) | Reference: Sunan an-Nasa’i 5085
[24] Narrated Nafi`: Ibn `Umar said, The Prophet (ﷺ) said, ‘Do the opposite of what the pagans do. Keep the beards and cut the moustaches short.’ Whenever Ibn `Umar performed the Hajj or `Umra, he used to hold his beard with his hand and cut whatever remained outside his hold.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ “ خَالِفُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَفِّرُوا اللِّحَى، وَأَحْفُوا الشَّوَارِبَ ”. وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا حَجَّ أَوِ اعْتَمَرَ قَبَضَ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ، فَمَا فَضَلَ أَخَذَهُ.
Reference: Sahih al-Bukhari 5892
[25] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 34-36
[27] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 37-39
[28] John Adair, The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), KoganPage, 2010 Page 9
[29] Source: Martin Lings, Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) – His Life Based on the Earliest Sources, Inner Traditions, 2006 – Pages 39-40
[30] John Adair, The Leadership of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم), KoganPage, 2010 Page 35